Welcome to the vascular department. If you are reading this, you or a loved one might have been diagnosed with clotting in the deep vein so called deep vein thrombosis (DVT). This leaflet provides an overview of DVT, its potential complications, and its management.
What is Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)?
DVT is a condition where a blood clot forms in one of the deep veins, usually in the leg. This can block blood flow, causing pain and swelling.
Causes and Risk Factors:
Prolonged bed rest or inactivity
Recent surgery or injury, especially to the legs
Certain medications
Genetic clotting disorders
Smoking
Obesity
Cancer and certain cancer treatments
Pregnancy and the postpartum period
Long flights or travel
Symptoms:
Swelling in the affected leg
Pain or tenderness, often starting in the calf
Warmth over the affected area
Red or discolored skin
The patient with prostate cancer has swollen legs with pitting edema due to DVT (deep vein thrombosis).
Complications of DVT:
The most serious complication of DVT is a pulmonary embolism, where a piece of the blood clot breaks off and travels to the lungs.
The gangrene of the limb
This picture shows that the person had a really bad blood clot in their leg vein (DVT), and because of that, the foot turned a sickly color and got damaged (gangrene)
Diagnosis:
DVT can be diagnosed through:
Ultrasound: The most common method to detect clots.
Blood tests: To measure clot-dissolving substances.
Venography: A dye is injected into the leg and X-rays are taken.
CT or MRI scans: Useful in certain cases.
This ultrasound show deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the groin area
Treatment:
Anticoagulants (blood thinners): Prevent clots from growing.
Thrombolytics: Break down clots.
Filters: Placed in the vena cava to prevent clots from traveling to the lungs.
Compression stockings: Reduce swelling and prevent post-thrombotic syndrome.
Prevention:
Move around during long travel.
Avoid sitting or lying down for long periods.
Wear compression stockings if advised.
Stay hydrated.
Follow medication regimens if you’re at risk.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Is DVT life-threatening?
If untreated, DVT can lead to a pulmonary embolism, which can be fatal.
Can I exercise with DVT?
It’s important to consult with your doctor. Light activities might be recommended initially.
Remember, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are vital in managing DVT. Always consult with our clinic doctor about any concerns or questions.